Retrospective Analysis of Treatment Outcome Over 15 Years of Patients with Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia at King Faisal Specialist Hospital - Jeddah
Introduction/Background/Significance: CML is a MPN characterized by the presence of the Philadelphia chromosome t(9;22),. Most patients are diagnosed in chronic phase. Introduction of TKIs has reduced CML mortality. Limited data is available about treatment outcome and complications among Saudi patients, we here report our single center experience
Materials and Methods/Case Presentation/Objective: A retrospective study was conducted on 68 CML patients treated at KFSHRC-J from 2010–2024. Patient data were analyzed using case reporting forms, adhering to REC confidentiality regulations (RAC 2024 – 86) with no conflict of interest.
Results/Description/Main Outcome Measures: In this study, 52 patients (76.5%) achieved remission. Among patients 1st-line TKIs, Imatinib was used in 20 patients (29.4%), Dasatinib in 14 patients (20.6%), and Nilotinib in 1 patient (1.5%) which led to remission. 2nd-line treatment with Imatinib (2 patients, 2.9%), Dasatinib (6 patients, 8.8%), and Nilotinib (9 patients, 13.2%) also resulted in remission, Ponatinib (2 patients, 2.9%) led to MMR. TFR was achieved in 7 out of 68 patients (10.3%), HSCT was performed in patient due to blast crisis (3%), and 3 patients (4.4%) were deceased.
Conclusions: This study highlights the impact of TKIs in achieving remission and TFR. However, challenges remain, including treatment compliance, resistance, & long-term disease burden, 2nsd line treatment were needed in some cases, while BMT was rare, Future research should focus personalized treatment strategies & Novel therapies to improves survival & quality of life.
