Impact of Tardive Dyskinesia on Clinical Aspects and Quality of Life Based on Individuals’ Underlying Psychiatric Conditions: Interim Analysis of Baseline Data From the IMPACT-TD Registry
Background
There is limited understanding of how tardive dyskinesia (TD) affects individuals with different underlying psychiatric conditions.
Methods
The IMPACT-TD Registry, a real-world, 3-year longitudinal study, included individuals aged ≥18 years scoring ≥2 on ≥1 item of the Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale (AIMS) and with probable TD, or receiving vesicular monoamine transporter type 2 inhibitor therapy. No formal TD diagnosis was required. This analysis assessed AIMS scores and TD impact on individuals with a psychotic disorder (schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder [SCZ/SA]), regardless of any comorbid mood disorder(s), versus those with only mood disorders diagnoses, alone or in combination (anxiety, bipolar disorder, or depression [Anx/BP/Dep]).
Results
Individuals with SCZ/SA (n=135) vs individuals with Anx/BP/Dep (n=141) were younger (mean [SD] age: 48.0 [13.0] vs 55.5 [14.9] years), and more likely to be Black/African American (36% vs 9%) and male (62% vs 38%). Fewer individuals with SCZ/SA vs Anx/BP/Dep had received a TD diagnosis (36% vs 50%) despite similar mean [SD] AIMS scores (8.7 [5.1] vs 8.0 [4.7]), longer median [range] time since first recognition of movements (5.5 [ < 1, 38.4] vs 3.8 [ < 1, 56.9] years), and longer median [range] time since first antipsychotic exposure (16 [0, 83] vs 10 [0.3, 83] years). Clinician-reported impact of TD was moderate/severe for 86% and 80% of individuals with SCZ/SA vs Anx/BP/Dep, respectively.
Conclusion
Individuals with SCZ/SA vs Anx/BP/Dep are less likely to have a formal TD diagnosis, despite similar AIMS scores, and longer times since first antipsychotic exposure and first recognition of TD movements.
